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Select the best answer:

1. Which of these findings would indicate that a patient’s IV has infiltrated and needs to be restarted.

The flow of the fluid in the drip chamber has come to a halt

Redness appears along the vein from the needle site upward

Puffiness occurs proximal to the insertion site

A back flow of blood is in the tubing

2.  A patient has an IV order for 1000ml of 5% dextrose and water q 8h. The IV drop factor is

     20gtts/ml. The nurse should regulate the flow of the solution at the rate of about how many  

     drops per minute?

30

40

50

60

3.  Which dietary instruction is essential to give a patient who has insulin-dependent diabetes      

      mellitus (Type I) and is taking NPH insulin?

When you skip a meal reduce your insulin

Substitute 1 ounce of fat for 2 ounces of protein

Eat your meals and snacks on schedule

Use artificial sweeteners instead of consuming complex sugars

4.  When a patient is to receive rapid-acting insulin, the nurse should expect the physician to  

      prescribe which type of insulin?

Isophane (NPH) insulin

Protamine zinc (PZI)insulin

Insulin Injection (Regular Insulin)

Zinc suspension (Lente) insulin

5.  When preparing to administer Isophane (NPH) insulin to a patient, the nurse should

      take which action?

Rotate the vial between the hands

Warm the vial to body temperature under the hot water tap

Invert the vial for a few minutes

Aspirate the insulin without injecting air into the vial  

6. A patient, age 68, is admitted to the hospital for evaluation and management of insulin 

    dependent diabetes mellitus (TYPE I). Which signs or symptoms indicate diabetes mellitus?

Oliguria and hyperthemia

Diarrhea and clammy skin

Tremors and tachycardia

Fatigue and hunger

7. A patient admitted for surgery has orders for shaving and washing the surgical site. Skin 

    preparation is ordered prior to surgery primarily to:

Improve visualization of surgical landmarks

Reduce the number of bacteria at the site of surgery

Promote adherence of the surgical tape

Prevent reaction to the adhesive on the tape

8. A patient who has had surgery is encouraged to move his/her legs. Contraction of the leg 

    muscles will prevent which of these complications?

Pleurisy

Portal hypertension

Hypostatic pneumonia

Pulmonary

9. A patient is to have surgery for cholelithiasis. Before surgery, the patient receives 

    phytonadione (Vitamin K) I.M. for which purpose?

To improve the clotting ability of the blood

To promote healing of connective tissue

To enhance the effect of the preoperative medication

To aid dissolving calculi

10. A patient has had abdominal surgery. To prevent the patient from developing hypostatic 

      pneumonia, the nurse should take which action during the immediate postoperative period?

Splint the patient’s incision area while he/ she breathes deeply

Have the patient blow into a spirometer four times a day

Encourage the patient to exhale through pursed lips

Support the patient in an orthopedic position 

11. When applying an antibiotic to a patient’s eye prior to surgery, the nurse should 

       apply the ointment:

Over the entire sclera

Over the entire eye socket

Along the inner surface of the lower lid

Along the eyelashes

12.  A patient had abdominal surgery 2 days ago. Which observation indicates that the patient’s 

       peristaltic activity has returned?

He is belching

He is hungry

He is passing fluids

He is thirsty

13.  Which finding would indicate that a patient who has abdominal surgery is ready for 

        removal of a nasogastric (NG) tube?

The patient does not complain of feeling nauseated

The patient burps after taking a sip of clear fluids

Drainage from the patient’s stomach has diminished in volume

The patient has been passing flatus

14.  What is the number one therapeutic measure used to prevent a postoperative patient from

       developing thrombophlebitis in the calves?

Obtain an order for the use of antiembolytic stockings

Maintain the knee gatch of the patient’s bed in a slightly elevated position

Support the patient’s legs so that they are higher than the heart

Encourage the patient to dorsiflex the foot three times a day

15.  A patient has a transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia 

       and has an indwelling catheter.  During the immediate postoperative period, the nurse  

       should expect the patient to have which of the following?

Discomfort when urinating

A distended bladder

A neurogenic bladder

Bloody urinary drainage

16.  A unit of blood is ordered. Which of the following is the most important safeguard prior to administrating blood?

Refrigerate until used

Agitate the blood so it will mix

With another nurse, carefully check the  label against the patient wrist ID band.

Infuse through a blood warmer to prevent reaction.

17. A patient is to receive Heparin Sodium. The nurse should observe the patient for which

      side effect of Heparin Sodium?

Leukoplakia

Leukocytosis

Thrombophlebitis

Thrombocytopenia

18.  A patient is diagnosed as having cholelithiasis. Which of these signs is associated with

       cholelithiasis?

Projectile vomiting

Continuous hiccups

Intermittent diarrhea

Clay-colore stools

19.  Upon assessment of a patient with osteoarthritis  in a addition to complaints of joint

       stiffness, the nurse would expect to observe:

Enlargement of the joints

Swelling of the soft tissue

Atrophy of the muscles adjacent to the joints

Marked erythema around the joints

20.  A patient who is to have an abdominal perineal resection has an order for an intravenous   

       pyelogram (IVP) preoperatively. The IVP is ordered for the patient for what purpose?

To detect the glomerular filtration rate

To detect any infection in the ureters

To detect abnormalities in the urinary system

To determine his/her bladder capacity